Abstract
The structural and optical properties of composite films based on organic-inorganic perovskite CH3NH3РbІ3 and polymethine dye N1Cl (indocarbocyanine chloride) were investigated. Composite materials were obtained by two approaches: synthesis of perovskite in the presence of a dye in a precursor solution and modification of preformed perovskite films by applying a dye to their surface.
The structure of the obtained materials was investigated using X-ray diffraction analysis. It was found that the addition of a polymethine dye does not lead to a change in the crystal structure of perovskite. The addition of a polymethine dye directly to the initial solution of perovskite precursors does not increase the absorption in the visible spectrum for composite films. The optimal concentration of the dye in the initial solution, at which the maximum fluorescence intensity and photostability of the films are achieved, is 3 mg/ml.
In contrast, the application of the dye to the surface of the perovskite films led to an increase in absorption in the range from 400 to 650 nm, with peaks around 530 nm and 580 nm, which corresponds to the spectral characteristics of indocarbocyanine. In addition, the fluorescence spectra of the composite films showed a shift of the perovskite fluorescence maximum from approximately 800 nm to 780–790 nm. The dye fluorescence bands appeared in the range of 600–660 nm. It was found that the composite films are characterized by significantly higher photostability compared to pure perovskite. It was shown that the fluorescence intensity of the dye depends on the heat treatment conditions: its maximum values are observed at annealing temperatures of 60–70 °C, while a further increase in temperature to 80 °C leads to a decrease in the emission intensity. In addition, for perovskite/N1Cl composite films, the fluorescence intensity of perovskite usually increases with annealing time.
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