Abstract
3D printing allows one the production of membranes of any shape and size according to consumer requirements. The work solves the problem of studying the separation properties of filtration membranes, which, unlike the known ones, were obtained via one stage. Polylactic acid (polylactide, PLA) and its mixture with a pore former − sucrose served as the ink for the 3D printer. The fused deposition modelling technique was used for printing. The membranes imcluded three layers, and each layer consisted of parallel strips, the width of which was determined by the diameter of the extruder nozzle (0.4 mm). The pores that provide filtration can be located at the joints of the strips. The membranes almost completely retain bovine serum albumin (BSA) macromolecules. The pore size is estimated to be 6−17 nm, in other words, the membranes show ultrafiltration properties. The membranes were used to concentrate polyphenols from an extract of orange peels and to recovery cationic and anionic dyes (methylene blue and reactive black 5, respectively) from aqueous solutions. It was found that the highest selectivity of the membranes is realized at a pressure of 0.5 (polyphenols, 90−98%), 1.5 (anionic dye, 90−96%) and 2.5 bar (cationic dye, 83−87%). Filtration leads to decolorization of weakly colored solutions. It was found that the membrane obtained from a mixture of PLA and a pore former is characterized by higher productivity, selectivity, and resistance against organic contaminants than a membrane made of pure polymer. It is assumed that the difference between the behaviour of the membranes is due to the peculiarities of the thermal destruction of PLA during printing, which occurs at 200
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